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This article is nearly the metropolis in Andhra Pradesh, India. For other uses, see Tirupati (disambiguation).

City in Andhra Pradesh, India

Tirupati

Metropolis

Tirumala 090615.jpg

Tirupati 001.jpg

A Tirupathi laddu.jpg

View of Tirupati city.jpg

Natural stone arch in tirumala.JPG

Sri Venkateswara Temple Tirumala Tirupati, Tirupati Laddu, Garuda Circle Alipiri Tirupati, metropolis view from Tirumala, Silathoranam Tirumala
Nickname(s):

Spiritual Capital of Andhra Pradesh

Tirupati is located in Andhra Pradesh

Tirupati

Tirupati

Location in Andhra Pradesh, India

Show map of Andhra Pradesh

Tirupati is located in India

Tirupati

Tirupati

Tirupati (Republic of india)

Evidence map of India

Tirupati is located in Asia

Tirupati

Tirupati

Tirupati (Asia)

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Coordinates: 13°39′N 79°25′E  /  13.65°N 79.42°E  / 13.65; 79.42 Coordinates: 13°39′N 79°25′E  /  13.65°N 79.42°Eastward  / 13.65; 79.42
Country India
Land Andhra Pradesh
Region Rayalaseema
Commune Tirupati
Incorporated (Municipality) ane April 1886
Incorporated (Corporation) 2 March 2007
Named for Lord Venkateswara
Wards 50
Government
 • Type Mayor–Council
 • Trunk Tirupati Municipal Corporation, Tirupati Urban Development Potency(TUDA)
 • Mayor B. R. Sirisha Yadav[1]
Area

[two]

 • Metropolis 28.86 km2 (11.14 sq mi)
Population

(2011)
 • City 287,035
 • Rank ninth (in AP)
 • Density 9,900/km2 (26,000/sq mi)
 • Metro

[3]

459,985
Demonym(due south) Tirupatian
Literacy[4]
 • Literates 229,730
 • Constructive literacy rate 87.55%
Languages
 • Official Telugu
Fourth dimension zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN

517501, 517502, 517503, 517504,517505, 517507, 517520, 517561
Area code(due south) +91–877
Geocode UN/LOCODE IN TIR[5]
Vehicle registration AP-39 (from 30 January 2019)[6]
Website tirupati.cdma.ap.gov.in

Tirupati () is a metropolis in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is the authoritative headquarters of the Tirupati district. Located 415 km (258 mi) southwest of state'south capital Amaravati, the city is abode to the important Hindu shrine of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple and other historic temples and is referred to every bit the "Spiritual Capital of Andhra Pradesh".[eight] It is one of the 8 Swayam vyaktha kshetras (Self-Manifested Temples) dedicated to Lord Vishnu. Tirupati is a municipal corporation and the headquarters of Tirupati (urban) mandal, Tirupati (rural) mandal, and the Tirupati revenue division.[9]

As of 2011[update] demography, it had a population of 287,035 making it the ninth virtually populous city in Andhra Pradesh.[4] It is the 7th most urban agglomerated city in the state, with a population of 459,985.[3] It is the second biggest metropolis in Rayalaseema after Kurnool. For the year 2012–2013, Bharat's Ministry of Tourism named Tirupati every bit the "Best Heritage City".[ten] Tirupati has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed every bit a smart city under Smart Cities Mission by Regime of India.

Etymology [edit]

In Dravidian translation, tiru means sacred or Goddess Lakshmi and pati ways abode or married man. [11] [12] [xiii] Tirupati (Tirumala) is referred to as Pushpa-mandapa in Acharya-Hridayam (13th century).[14]

History [edit]

Puranas [edit]

According to Varaha Purana, during Treta Yuga, Rama resided hither along with Sita and Lakshmana on his return from Lankapuri.[15]

Every bit per the Purana, a loan of one crore and 11.4 1000000 gold coins was sought past Balaji from Kubera for his marriage with Padmavathi. To pay back the loan, devotees from all over Bharat visit the temple and donate money.[16]

Ancient history [edit]

Tirupati was developed past Pallava Kings from 6th century onwards.[ commendation needed ] The city became great Vaishnava center during the time of Ramanujacharya in 11th century, from where Srivaishnavism spread to other parts of Andhra Desa. Srikurmam Temple in Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh bears the inscription proverb Tirupati Srivaishnavula Raksha.[17] Tirupati survived the Muslim invasions past accepting to pay Jizya to the Muslims. During the early 1300s Muslim invasion of Southward Republic of india, the deity of Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam was brought to Tirupati for safekeeping. [ citation needed ]

The temple town for nigh of the medieval era part of Vijayanagara Empire until the 17th century and its rulers contributed considerable resource and wealth notable past Krishna Deva Raya and Achyuta Deva Raya, Sadasiva Raya and Tirumala Deva Raya.

The city has many historical temples including the Venkateswara Temple which bears 1,150 inscriptions in Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu and Kannada languages.[18] Out of 1150 inscriptions 236 vest to Pallava, Chola and Pandya dynasties, 169 belonged to Saluva dynasty, 251 belonged to Achyuta Deva Raya catamenia, 130 belonged to Sadasiva Raya menstruum and another 135 originated in Aravidu dynasty.[xviii] [19] which specify the contributions of the Pallava Kingdom around the ninth century CE, Chola Kingdom around the tenth century CE and the Vijayanagara Empire in the 14th century CE.[xx] During the 15th century, Sri Tallapaka Annamacharya sung many songs in praise of the holy town in Telugu. He compared it to be divine, including the rocks, streams, trees, animals, and adds that it is heaven on the earth. I case of such a vocal is:[21]

Katteduta Vaikuntamu Kanachaina Konda
Tettalaya Mahimaie Tirumala Konda ||
Vedamulae Silalai Velasinadi Konda
Yedesa Punya Rasule Yerulainadi Konda
Gadili Brahmadi Lokamula Konalu Konda
Sree Devudundeti Seshadri Konda ||

Tirumala, in all its right, is heaven. Its powers are indescribable. The Vedas accept taken the grade of rocks and appeared on Tirumala. Holiness has taken the form of h2o and is flowing as streams on Tirumala. Its holy peaks are Brahmaloka and other lokas. Srinivasa lives on Seshadri.

There was no human being settlement at Lower Tirupati until 1500. With the growing importance of Upper Tirupati, a village formed at the present-day Kapilatheertham Road area and was named "kotturu". Information technology was later shifted to the vicinity of Govindarajaswamy Temple which was consecrated around the yr 1130 CE. Afterwards the village grew into its present-24-hour interval grade around Govindaraja Swamy Temple which is now the heart of the urban center. It has now gained a lot of popularity as a tourism place.[22]

Modernistic history [edit]

In 1932, Tirumala Venkateswara Temple was handed over to Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams by the TTD Act of 1932. In 2006, Tirupati Urban Development Authority (TUDA) and TTD together conducted "Tirupati Utsavam" which focused on the history of development of Tirupati boondocks, kings who visited Tirumala and their contribution for development of the temple.[23] The fourth World Telugu Conference, a conference for furtherance of Telugu language, was conducted at Tirupati during December 2012 for iii days.[24] In January 2017, the 104th Indian Science Congress (ISCA) meeting was held in Tirupati.[ citation needed ]

Environment [edit]

Geography [edit]

Tirupati is located at thirteen°39′N 79°25′E  /  thirteen.65°North 79.42°E  / xiii.65; 79.42 in the Tirupati district of South Indian State of Andhra Pradesh. Information technology lies at the foot of Seshachalam Hills of Eastern Ghats which were formed during Precambrian era.[25] One of its suburbs, Tirumala, which is the abode to Sri Venkateswara Temple, is also located within the hills.[25] Tirupati Urban agglomeration includes Tirupati (City) and census towns Akkarampalle, Avilala, Cherlopalle, Mangalam, Perur, Settipalle, Thummala gunta (part), Timminaidupalle, Tiruchanur, Tirupati (NMA).[26] Tirupati is surrounded by Srikalahasti towards the east, Puttur towards the due south, Puthalapattu towards the westward and the Seshachalam hills towards the north.[ citation needed ] Swarnamukhi River originates in Chandragiri Hills and passes through the Tirupati City before reaching Srikalahasti in the east.[25]

Geology [edit]

At the 12 km (7.five mi) signal on the Tirupati – Tirumala ghat route, there is a major discontinuity of stratigraphic significance that represents a catamenia of remarkable serenity in the geological history of the Earth. This is referred to as Eparchaean Unconformity. This unconformity separates the Nagari Quartzite of the Proterozoic from the granite of the Archean,.[27] In 2001, the Geological Survey of India (GSI) alleged the Eparchaean Unconfirmity to be i of the 26 "Geological Monuments of Bharat".

Silathoranam, a natural arch and a distinctive geological feature, is located in the Tirumala Hills at a altitude of 1 km (0.62 mi) from Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The Arch measures viii metres in width and 3 metres in tiptop and is eroded from quartzite of Cuddapah Supergroup of Middle to Upper Proterozoic (1600 to 570 Ma) by weathering agents like water and wind.[28]

Flora and animal [edit]

Sri Venkateswara National Park[29] is a national park and biosphere reserve which is office of Seshachalam Hills. The total area of the park is 353 kmii (136 sq mi). The park is dwelling for about 1,500 vascular plant species belonging to 174 families. Some of the rare and endemic establish species like cerise sanders, Shorea talura, Shorea thumburggaia, Terminalia pallida, sandalwood, Syzygium alternifolium, and Psilotum nudum occur in this region. Cycas beddomei, a species of cycad in the genus Cycas, is constitute simply in the Tirumala Hills.

About 178 species of birds from this national park have been identified which includes the globally threatened xanthous-throated bulbul, gray-fronted green dove, critically endangered Oriental white-backed vulture, large militarist-cuckoo, bluish-faced malkoha, yellow-browed bulbul, Indian scimitar-babbler and Loten's sunbird. Amongst predators the leopard is quite mutual, along with the wild dog. Among reptiles, the most interesting species is the gliding lizard, found in some deep forested valleys. Some other of import reptile of this national park is the gilt gecko.

Established in 1987, Tirupati Zoo or Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park[thirty] is a zoo located at Tirupati and is Asia'southward largest zoo, with an area of 5500 acres. It is built on the concept of Hindu mythology. Information technology exhibits just animals that are mentioned in the ancient epics like Ramayana, Mahabharatha, and Panchatantra. The enclosures are named based on Indian mythology. It hosts a wide range of animals such as deer, monkeys, lions, tigers, bears, elephants, peafowl, grey pelicans, marsh crocodiles, and starred tortoises.

Sri Venkateswara Gosamrakshana shala is a home for cattle received as a donation (Godanam). It was established in 1956 past TTD and renamed to S.V. Gosamrakshana Shala in 2004. It is located at Chandragiri Road, Tirupati. It is maintained by Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams based on the funds received under the Sri Venkateswara Gosamrakshana Shala Trust. Activities of the trust include providing a good environment, management, and feeding for the cattle. The milk and its products produced here are used by TTD for daily rituals at Sri Venkateswara Temple and other TTD temples.[31]

Climate [edit]

Tirupati has a tropical wet and dry climate, designated Aw nether the K̦ppen climate classification. In winter the minimum temperatures are between 18 and 20ʡC (64.four and 68.0ʡF). Usually summertime lasts from March to June, with the advent of rainy season in July, followed past wintertime which lasts until the end of February. The metropolis experiences heavy rainfall in November during the northeast monsoon season. The highest rainfall in 24 hours was on 16 November 2015, during the 2015 Southward India floods, with 219 millimetres or 8.62 inches. Cyclones normally striking the Declension of Nellore, and bring heavy rain to the city.[32]

Climate data for Tirupati (Tirupati Airport) 1981–2010, extremes 1981–2012
Calendar month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record loftier °C (°F) 35.half-dozen
(96.1) 		39.5
(103.ane) 		43.0
(109.4) 		44.two
(111.6) 		45.0
(113.0) 		45.two
(113.4) 		xl.vi
(105.1) 		40.0
(104.0) 		43.1
(109.6) 		37.eight
(100.0) 		34.8
(94.6) 		34.three
(93.vii) 		45.2
(113.4)
Average high °C (°F) 30.0
(86.0) 		33.ane
(91.6) 		36.viii
(98.2) 		39.2
(102.6) 		twoscore.3
(104.5) 		37.ix
(100.2) 		35.9
(96.6) 		35.0
(95.0) 		34.ix
(94.8) 		32.viii
(91.0) 		30.two
(86.4) 		29.0
(84.2) 		34.6
(94.iii)
Average depression °C (°F) 18.8
(65.8) 		19.9
(67.8) 		22.viii
(73.0) 		26.2
(79.2) 		28.0
(82.4) 		27.3
(81.one) 		26.one
(79.0) 		25.7
(78.3) 		25.two
(77.iv) 		23.7
(74.seven) 		21.8
(71.2) 		nineteen.9
(67.8) 		23.8
(74.viii)
Record low °C (°F) 12.9
(55.2) 		11.nine
(53.iv) 		fourteen.2
(57.6) 		20.0
(68.0) 		xx.4
(68.vii) 		21.5
(seventy.seven) 		20.seven
(69.three) 		21.eight
(71.2) 		21.7
(71.one) 		16.5
(61.7) 		xv.0
(59.0) 		xiii.5
(56.3) 		11.9
(53.four)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 17.six
(0.69) 		5.1
(0.20) 		five.2
(0.twenty) 		fifteen.9
(0.63) 		58.5
(2.30) 		77.0
(three.03) 		117.3
(4.62) 		127.iii
(five.01) 		131.7
(five.nineteen) 		205.2
(8.08) 		249.1
(9.81) 		116.ii
(iv.57) 		one,126.1
(44.33)
Average rainy days 1.ane 0.6 0.5 i.one 2.8 5.0 7.ix 7.seven vii.0 9.0 9.4 4.eight 56.9
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) 55 45 37 37 38 45 51 52 56 65 69 65 51
Source: Republic of india Meteorological Department[33] [34]

Demographics [edit]

As of 2011[update] Demography of India, the Tirupati city municipal corporation had a population of 287,035. The full population constitute, 145,977 males and 141,058 females — a sex ratio of 966 females per 1000 males, higher than the national boilerplate of 940 per 1000. There were 24,643 children are in the age group of 0–6 years. It had an effective literacy rate (7+ copulation) of 87.55%.[4] The urban agglomeration had a population of 459,985, of which males constitute 231,456, females constitute 228,529 — a sexual practice ratio of 987 females per one thousand males and 41,589 children are in the historic period grouping of 0–6 years. There are a total of 356,558 literates with an constructive literacy rate (vii+ population) of 85.22%.[3]

Telugu is the official and the most usually spoken language. It is followed by Urdu and Tamil, while Kannada and Hindi are spoken in minor numbers.[35] Hinduism is the major religion and near of the temples in Tirupati are of Dravidian architecture.

Culture [edit]

Festivals [edit]

The metropolis celebrates all major Hindu festivals which includes Sankranti, Ugadi, Krishna Janmashtami, Maha Shivaratri, Ganesh Chaturthi, Deepavali, Rama Navami, Kartik Poornima etc. Srivari Brahmotsavam is a 9-day event, celebrated during the months of September–October, the temple of Tirumala witness lakhs of devotees.[36] During this festival, the processional deity Malayappa of Venkateswara Temple, along with his consorts Sridevi and Bhudevi, is taken in a procession in four mada streets around the temple on dissimilar Vahanams. Tirupati also celebrates a carnival named as Tirupati Ganga Jatara, held during 2nd week of May every year. This is a week long festival where Goddess Gangamma (Grama Devatha) is worshiped.[37] The tank behind the temple of Padmavathi Temple, Tiruchanur has Padma Pushkarini, where Chakra Snanam will be held on last day of Annual Padmavathi Brahmotsavams (Panchami Teertham). It will witness lakhs of Devotees taking a dip in the holy waters.[38] Vaikunta Ekadasi, the twenty-four hours on which it is believed that Vaikunta Dwarams will be opened and the nigh important Vasihnavite festival, is historic in Tirumala and Tirupati[39] with grandeur.[40] Rathasapthami is some other festival, historic during Feb, when Lord Venkateswara's processional deity (Malayappa) is taken in a procession effectually the temple on 7 different vahanas from early forenoon to tardily night.[41] Sri Krishna janmastami also known as Gokulashtami is celebrated with bully fervor at Tirupati. The Lotus Temple belonging to International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) will be illuminated with lamps and paintings displaying themes from Srimad Bhagavatham. The celebrations include offer prayers to Sri Krishna, Utlotsavam, Annamayya Kirtana alapana, Geetha Parayanam etc. On this day 'Gokulashtami Asthanam' will be held at Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. TTD volition also gloat the janmastami at Sri Venkateswara Gosamrakshana Shala where prayers volition exist offered to cows, horses and elephants.[42] [43] The Maha Shivaratri and Kartik Poornima are the nigh auspicious occasions celebrated in Kapila Theertham.[44]

Cuisine [edit]

Tirupati is world-famous for Tirupati Laddu. It is the prasadam at Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala. Tirupati Laddu had got Geographical indication tag which entitles only Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams to make or sell it.[45] [46]

Arts, crafts and architecture [edit]

Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams established Sri Venkateswara Museum, one at Tirumala and the other at Tirupati. Information technology has a wonderful collection of Tirupati temple architecture and historical artefacts, such every bit aboriginal weaponry, pooja items and idols. Information technology has a comprehensive photo gallery that gives a unique insight into the Tirupati region'due south civilisation and traditions. It also boasts a meditation heart.[47] In 1988–89 Archaeological Survey of Republic of india had established an Archaeological Museum in the Chandragiri fort at Chandragiri. It exhibits rich collection of stone and metal sculptures of Hindu gods and other cultural vestiges retrieved from other historical places similar Gudimallam, Gandikota and Yaganti. It also includes galleries for medieval weaponry swords and daggers, coins and paper documents.[48]

Governance [edit]

Tirupati Assembly constituency is ane of the 175 assembly constituencies of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Associates, Bharat. Tirupati is function of Tirupati (Lok Sabha constituency). Dr.Gurumurthy Maddela of YSR Congress Party is the sitting Member of Parliament for Tirupati (Lok Sabha constituency) and Bhumana Karunakara Reddy of YSR Congress Party is the sitting Member of Legislative Assembly for Tirupati (Assembly constituency) and Dr.B.R.Sirisha Yadav of YSR Congress Party is the Mayor For Tirupati Municipal Corporation (TMC).[49]

Borough administration [edit]

Tirupati Municipal Corporation (TMC) oversees the administration of the city. Tirupati was constituted as a municipality on ane Apr 1886; it was upgraded to a 2nd grade municipality on 1 October 1962, to a commencement course municipality on 12 December 1965, to special grade municipality on xiii February 1970, and to selection class municipality on 7 Oct 1998. Tirupati Municipality was upgraded to a municipal corporation on 2 March 2007. The area of the municipal corporation at the time of germination was sixteen.59 square kilometres (6.41 sq mi).[50] While, at nowadays the area of the city is 27.44 square kilometres (10.59 sq mi).[4]

Tirupati Urban Development Authority (TUDA) is the urban planning authority. It was constituted in the year 1981, with Tirupati town and 89 villages nether its jurisdiction. In 2008, information technology included Srikalahasti, Puttur and 69 surrounding villages. At nowadays TUDA covers an area of one,211.51 km2 (467.77 sq mi).[51]

Law and social club [edit]

Sapthagiri Security Zone at Alipiri-Tirupati

Tirupati has the status of Urban Police Commune; it has 25 police stations.[52] Tirupati temple was deployed with 100 Octopus (Organization For Counter Terrorist Operations) commandos to wait over its security. This was formed by Regime of Andhra Pradesh in the year 2012. The elite commando force has been specially trained for in house intervention, hostage rescue and Israeli combat technique Krav Maga.[53]

At Alipiri, security zone was established to screen vehicles and pilgrims entering Tirumala, to safeguard the hills from terrorists and anti-social elements.[54] To assure more than prophylactic in Tirumala-Tirupati, the government of Andhra Pradesh started a project called "Safe City-Tirupati": the Tirupati temple and the city will be placed under 24*7 CCTV surveillance with 3000 CCTV cameras, monitored from a control-and-control center. Baggage scanners and Explosive detectors are installed at several places.[55]

Utility services [edit]

Wind Turbines on the hills of Tirumala

Electricity to the metropolis is distributed past Andhra Pradesh Southern Ability Distribution Visitor Express (APSPDCL), headquartered at Tirupati.[56] The urban center generally depends on groundwater for its needs,[57] though information technology also gets water from Telugu Ganga canal and Kalyani dam.[58] There are v dams in the vicinity: Kalyani Dam, Papavinasanam Dam, Gogurbham Dam, Pasupudara Dam, Kumaradara Dam, Akasa Ganga.[59] all in the Tirumala Hill ranges. Of these dams Papavinasanam, Gogurbham, Pasupudara, kumaradara, and Akasa Ganga completely cater the water needs of Tirumala and Venkateswara Temple while 49% of Kalyani Dam water is being supplied to Tirumala and remaining water will be supplied to Tirupati.[59] [60]

Tirupati falls under the Tirupati Telecom District of the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited.[61] BSNL is planning to plant 27 Wi-Fi hotspots in the metropolis.[61] The city besides had a Regional Passport Seva Kendra(PSK).[62] PSK-Tirupati will cover Prakasam, Nellore, Chittoor, Kadapa, Kurnool and Anantapur districts of Andhra Pradesh and volition come up nether Visakhapatnam Passport Part.[63]

The city ranked sixth in Bharat among the 200 cities that competed during Swachh Survekshan – 2018 conducted by Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India, and the Fundamental Pollution Command Board (CPCB) of India. According to the National Urban Sanitation Policy, the city was ranked 117th in the country in 2009–10, with a total of 39.363 points.[64] Every bit a part of 'Swachh Tirupati', Tirupati Municipal Corporation has started household waste segregation programme.[65] As of May 2015, 150 Tonnes of waste is being nerveless per day from households within the municipal limits.[65] The city is the 11th most cleanliest city with 66 points in the cleanliness scorecard published by Marriage Tourism Ministry of India.[66]

Healthcare [edit]

Tirupati is a medical hub with major hospitals situated in its vicinity. Many of these are either run under Land authorities or run/funded past Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTD).

SVAravind EYE Infirmary Tirupati

Sri Venkateswara Ramnarain Ruia Government Full general Hospital is i of the largest in the state of Andhra Pradesh, and the main authorities hospital for the Rayalaseema region. It is started in the year 1962 with a donation of Rs.five lakhs from Sri Radha Krishna Northward. Ruia and 15 lakhs from Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams. At nowadays it has 750 beds.[67] Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS) is another major medical institute, founded in 1986.[68]

Balaji Institute of Surgery, Inquiry and Rehabilitation(BIRRD) for the Disabled has 250 beds; it was established in 1985 by TTD to care for patients suffering from polio myelitis, cognitive palsy, congenital anomalies, spinal injuries, and the orthopaedically handicapped. A non-profit organization, information technology is run with funds from Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams and donations from the public.[69] Government Maternity Hospital (GMH) in Tirupati is the largest maternity hospital in the state of Andhra pradesh in terms of number of deliveries.[70] Established 50 years ago, GMH is thronged by Significant woman from Chittoor, YSR kadapa, Nellore, Anantapur districts of Andhra Pradesh and few areas of Tamil Nadu.[70] GMH was named "best infirmary" under the "sterilization and institutional deliveries category" from the Ministry building of Wellness and Family unit Welfare for the year 2013.[seventy] Aswini Hospital in Tirumala is a general infirmary in Tirumala maintained by TTD.

Economy [edit]

Urban center economic overview [edit]

FOXLINK Facility at APIIC Park Tpty

Tourism is the major industry in Tirupati.[71] [72] [73]

The entire economy directly or indirectly depends on Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTD). TTD is headquartered at Tirupati.[74] Established in 1932, TTD is an independent trust which manages Tirumala Venkateswara Temple and other temples in Tirupati and all over the world. Information technology is as well involved in several social activities. As Tirupati is a major religious tourist destination, the hospitality industry is likewise a major industry which includes many three star hotels and lodges.[72] [73]

Taj Group of Hotel Tirupati

Andhra Pradesh Southern Ability Distribution Company Limited (APSPDCL) is also headquartered at Tirupati. Gandhi Route, Prakasam Road, Five.V Mahal Route, AIR Featherbed Road are highly commercial areas in the city. Major brands of automobile, textile, mobile, electric and electronic companies have their outlets in Tirupati.[75]

APIIC Industrial Park is located at Gajulamandyam, Renigunta. Industries like Sri Venkateswara Cooperative Sugar Manufactory Limited, AshwiniBio Pharma Ltd and others are situated in this park. Amara Raja factory is located at Karakambadi, Renigunta. Lanco cement manufacturing plant is located at Eerpedu mandal. The majority of the urban center residents are employed under TTD. Zoho, an Indian software development company has an office in Renigunta and has been operating from this office since 2018.[76]

IT/ITES and electronics industry [edit]

DIXON Facility at APIIC EMC Tpty

Sri Venkateshwara Mobile and Electronics Manufacturing Hub is a dedicated mobile handset and electronics manufacturing facility located at Tirupati. The Hub is spread over 122 acres (49 ha) Acres out of which Celkon is established in 20 acres (eight.1 ha) acres, Micromax in 15 acres (vi.ane ha) acres, Karbonn in 15.28 acres (6.18 ha) acres and Lava in 20 acres (8.1 ha) acres with a total investment of Rupees 2000 crores.[77] [78] Dixon Technologies has a manufacturing unit in this hub, where they are producing Smart TVs for Xiaomi.[79]

CELKON Factory at Tirupati

Tourism sector [edit]

Tourism sector is of great importance to the metropolis. Information technology is because of the presence of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple and a number of other temples in and around the city. Information technology attracts large number of tourists which helps the tourism department of the land in generating acquirement.[80] [81] Tirumala is said to be one of the most visited religious sites on earth, and Tirupati Temple is currently a Guinness Globe Record holder for most visited temple in the world.[ citation needed ] Tourism comprises a big portion of the Tirupati economy.

Cityscape [edit]

Temples [edit]

Tirumala Venkateswara Temple is the most notable temple for existence the world's richest Vaishnavite temple of Lord Venkateswara.[82] Beside Venkateswara Temple, the city is known for many other ancient temples, such as Padmavathi Temple at Tiruchanur, Govindaraja Temple,[83] Kapileswara Temple at Kapila Theertham, Thathayyagunta Gangamma Temple of Goddess Gangamma is the Gramadevata of Tirupati[ citation needed ], Sri Kodandaramaswami Temple etc.

  • Hindu Temples in Tirupati

Other landmarks [edit]

Also historic temples, in that location are other tourist destinations in and around the city. Chandragiri Fort is a historical fort, built in the 11th century located in Chandragiri. The fort likewise host an Archaeological Museum maintained past Archaeological Survey of Bharat.[84] Established in 1987, Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park in Tirupati is the largest zoo park in Asia, which covers an expanse of 5532 acres.[85] [86] Tirupati as well hosts a Regional Science center. A Infinite Exposition Hall which has a digital Planetarium, showtime of its kind in Andhra Pradesh and an Innovation Space are added to this centre now.[87] [88]

  • Other Places of interest in Tirupati

  • Regional scientific discipline eye, Tirupati

Neighbourhoods [edit]

Tiruchanur, Alipiri, Nethaji Road aka Karnala veedi Gandhi Road, Teertha katta veedi, NTR Circle, Tiruchanur Road, Tilak Road, Tirupati Central autobus and railway station, and SriKrishnadevaraya Circle (Leela Mahal) areas are the notable neighbourhoods of the city.[89] [90]

Ship [edit]

Sapthagiri Express omnibus of APSRTC

Roadways [edit]

Veterinary Academy Route

The urban center is well connected to major cities through national and state highways. The National highways passing through Tirupati are, National Highway 71 which connects Madanapalle and Kadiri, National Highway 140 connecting Tirupati with Puthalapattu. Within Tirupati Urban Development Authorisation Limits, there are two additional national highways, namely, NH 716 AND NH 565. NH 716 connects Renigunta part of Tirupati to Chennai and Muddanur (via Kadapa and Rajampet).NH 565 on the other hand connects NH 71 to NH 65. information technology starts from Yerpedu area of Tirupati and ends at Nakrekal in Nalgonda district.[91]

Synthetic one in 1944 and the other in 1974, at that place are 2 all-weather, asphalt ghat roads between Tirupati and Tirumala.[92] In that location is a total of 294.47 km (182.98 mi) of roads within the Tirupati Municipal Corporation Limits.[93]

Public ship [edit]

APSRTC is the state endemic transport service, which operates buses to various destinations from Tirupati bus station complex. The bus station comprises three mini coach stations to various destinations, such as Srinivasa bus station for west-bound destinations, Sri Hari jitney station for eastward bound destinations and Yedukondalu bus station is utilised for bus services to Tirumala.[94] Balaji Link double-decker station at Alipiri is also used for coach services to Tirumala.[92] Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams runs free buses from the railway station and cardinal bus stand to Alipiri for pilgrims. The buses to Tirumala are known as Sapthagiri Express.[95]

Tirupati is in close proximity with the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Hence, direct buses from Tirumala to Chennai, Bengaluru, Jayanagar, Bangalore, Vellore, Kanchipuram are run by APSRTC Sapthagiri Express. KSRTC, TNSTC and SETC too operates their services to Lower Tirupati. There are likewise private send which operate in the city.

Tirumala foot steps [edit]

There are ii footpaths from Tirupati to Tirumala. These paths are chosen Sopanamargas and are mostly used past pilgrims. The first (and oldest) path starts from Alipiri and has 3550 steps, totalling xi km (6.8 mi). At Alipiri there is a temple defended to Lord Venkateswara called Padalamandapam. There are four Gopurams (temple towers) along the manner. The other path, called Sri Vari Mettu starts from Srinivasa Mangapuram and is half dozen km (three.7 mi) long. Both paths are completely roofed and pass through seven hills (part of Seshachalam Hills).[96]

Railways [edit]

Tirupati Master is classified as an A1 station in the Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone.[97] Tirupati Due west Halt and Tiruchanur are the satellite stations, used for decongesting rail traffic at the main station. In improver to these, Tirupati also has Chandragiri, Yerpedu and Renigunta Junction Railway stations to serve the needs of the people of the metropolis.[98]

Airways [edit]

Sri Venkateswara Airport is located 15 km (nine.three mi) from the city centre and has regular flights to Coimbatore, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi, Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam. The closest international airport is Chennai International Airport which is 130 km (81 mi) from Tirupati. Tirupati Airport is being upgraded to an international airdrome. The new concluding was inaugurated on 22 October 2015.[99]

Instruction [edit]

The main and secondary school teaching is imparted by government, aided and private schools of the School Education Department of the state.[100] [101] Majority of them are named afterwards presiding deity of Tirupati temple, Lord Venkateswara and his consort Goddess Padmavati.

S 5 Agricultural College Tirupati

There are several universities and colleges including state regime and Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam sponsored such as, Sri Venkateswara Academy, established in 1954; Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, a dedicated women's university; Medical colleges include Sri Venkateswara Medical College and Sri Padmavathi Medical College for Women.[102] Sri Venkateswara Found of Medical Sciences (SVIMS) is also a medical institute, Sri Venkateswara Vedic University to preserve, foster and promote oral traditions of Vedic, Agamic and Cognate Literature, with focus on right intonations.[103] Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeetha, a university established for college learning in Sanskrit studies, Traditional Sastras and Pedagogy.[104] Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University to strengthen teaching and services in the fields of Veterinary Science, Dairy Applied science and Fishery Science in the State of Andhra Pradesh.[105] Sri Venkateswara Found of Traditional Sculpture and Architecture (SVITSA) run by TTD is ane of the two institutions in Republic of india offering courses in traditional sculpture and compages to students. 7 diploma courses are offered in subjects such every bit temple architecture, stone sculpture, Sudai aculpture, metal sculpture, wood sculpture, traditional painting and traditional Kalamkari art.[106] Indian Culinary Constitute, Tirupati is the kickoff culinary institute in India established by Ministry of Tourism (Republic of india).[107] [108]

The urban center has Indian Institutes of Scientific discipline Education and Research (IISER) and IIT Tirupati which were allotted by Government of India to the state of Andhra Pradesh.[109] There are three law colleges, namely, Sri Venkateswara College of Law, Anantha College of Law, and Dr. Ambedkar Global Law Found.

Enquiry [edit]

Inst Of Agri Business Management Tirupati

  • The National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL) is an autonomous research establish funded past the Department of Space of the Government of Republic of india. NARL is engaged in fundamental and practical enquiry in the field of atmospheric sciences. It is around thirty km (19 mi) from Tirupati.
  • Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati is selected for establishment of Multidisciplinary Enquiry Units (MRUs) and Model Rural Health Research Units (MRHRU) past the Indian Council of Medical Enquiry (ICMR).[110]
  • Sri Venkateswara Constitute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS), Tirupati is selected for establishment of college level Viral Diagnostic Research Labs[110]
  • A sub-centre for All India Coordinated Inquiry Project (AICRP) on the groundnut (peanut) is established at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Tirupati to conduct research activities on new high. The research will help to run into the needs of the country'south 100 barren districts which receive less than 500 mm (20 in) rainfall. RARS has then far developed 12 groundnut varieties.[111]
  • A research eye for indigenous cows was established past TTD at its dairy farm named Sri Venkateswara Gosamrakshanashala. The purpose of the centre is to protect the cows and also to share the rare breeds among similar organisations. The Gosamrakshanashala already had distinctive loftier-worth breeds like Ongole, while it is also trying to gather Sahiwal brood of cows from Punjab, Gir cows of Gujarat to the centre, Tharparker and Kankrej cows from Karnataka.[112]

Media [edit]

Sri Venkateswara Bhakti Channel (SVBC), the first 24-hr Telugu devotional channel dedicated to circulate Hindu devotional programmes and alive telecasts of poojas performed at Tirumala Venkateswara Temple, is telecasted from Tirupati.

Started in 1949, Sapthagiri is a spiritual monthly magazine based at Tirupati and published in Telugu, Sanskrit, Hindi, English, Tamil and Kannada languages.[113] Both SVBC channel and Sapthagiri are run by Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams.[114]

Telugu newspapers Andhra Bhoomi, Saakshi, Eenadu, Vaartha, Andhra Jyothi, and Andhra Prabha; and English newspapers Deccan Chronicle, The Hindu, Indian Express, Times of Republic of india, and The Hans India, are available in the city. The Hindu, Sakshi, Andhrajyothi, Eenadu and other dailies take their printing and publication offices set up here.

Tirupati has All Republic of india Radio station and is served by FM stations like 92.vii Big FM, 93.5 Red FM, 104 Enadu FM

See likewise [edit]

  • List of cities in Andhra Pradesh by population
  • List of municipal corporations in Andhra Pradesh
  • List of urban agglomerations in Andhra Pradesh
  • List of temples under Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams

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External links [edit]

  • Tirupati Urban Evolution Dominance

quistleaved.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirupati

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